The volatile components of the galls induced by the insect Baccharopelma dracunculifoliae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) on leaves of Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatographyflame- ionisation detection (GC-FID), and then comparison with volatile oil samples from healthy leaves collected in the vicinity. The galls produced around 3.5% of the total organic volatiles whereas healthy leaves rendered an average yield of 0.6%. The observed higher proportions of germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, limonene, and β-pinene in the galls suggest that all these compounds are important targets in the search for natural enemies of this Psyllid. Moreover, higher relative percentages of (E)-nerolidol and spathulenol were found in healthy leaves.

GC/MS/FID analyses of volatile compounds from cladodes and inflorescences from male and female specimens of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. collected in the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, Brazil, showed that carquejyl acetate was the primary volatile component (38% to 73%), while carquejol and ledol were identified in lower concentrations. Data were subjected to hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis, which confirmed that the chemical compositions of all samples were similar. The results presented here highlight the occurrence of the same chemotype of B. trimera in three southern states of Brazil.

Apesar do incentivo e do investimento na produção de frutas no estado do Paraná, pouca informação está disponível sobre as moscas-das-frutas, uma das principais pragas da fruticultura. O presente trabalho teve os objetivos de registrar pela primeira vez a fauna de tefritídeos, na região de Ponta Grossa, e caracterizar a sua comunidade por meio de diferentes índices faunísticos. Adultos de tefritídeos foram coletados por meio de frascos caça-moscas com atrativos alimentares em quatro pomares de agosto a dezembro de 2009. Foi coletado um total de 2.428 tefritídeos distribuídos em sete espécies: Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann, Anastrepha montei Lima, Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew, Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis sp. Loew e Hexachaeta sp. Loew. A. fraterculus foi a única espécie comum aos quatro pomares, ocorrendo com frequência acima de 80%. Este é o primeiro registro de A. montei no Paraná. A. fraterculus, A. sororcula e C. capitata apresentaram os maiores índices de frequência, abundância, dominância e constância, sendo, portanto, consideradas espécies predominantes. O maior índice de diversidade (H'=0,4360) ocorreu no pomar 2, diferindo significativamente dos demais pomares (teste t, P<0,05). Os valores do índice de Margalef foram baixos (próximos ou inferiores a 0,5), confirmando haver predominância de espécies. Quanto à similaridade de espécies entre os pomares, determinada pelo coeficiente de Jaccard e índice de Bray-Curtis, o pomar 4, onde ocorreram apenas duas espécies (96% de A. fraterculus e 4% de A. pseudoparallela) forma um agrupamento distinto dos demais pomares amostrados, no qual ocorreram quatro espécies de tefritídeos.

In spite of encouragement and investment in fruit production in the state of Paraná, little information is available on the fruit flies, a major pest in fruit growing. The present study had the objective of recording for the first time the tephritid fauna in the region of Ponta Grossa, and characterize the insect community through different faunal indices. Adult tephritids were collected by means of flapper bottles with food baits in four orchards from August to December 2009. A total of 2,428 tephritids distributed in seven species were collected: Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann, Anastrepha montei Lima, Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew, Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Rhagoletis sp. Loew and Hexachaeta sp. Loew. A. A. fraterculus was the only species common to the four orchards, occurring in a frequency higher than 80%. This is the first record of A. montei in the state of Paraná. A. fraterculus, A. sororcula and C. capitata had the highest frequency, abundance, dominance and constancy, and are therefore considered predominant species. The highest diversity index (H'=0.4360) occurred in the orchard 2, differing significantly from all orchards (t test, P<0.05). The Margalef index values were low (close to or below 0.5) confirming that there are predominant species. Regarding the similarity of species between the orchards, that was determined by the coefficient of Jaccard and the Bray-Curtius index, the orchard 4, where occurred only two species (96% of A. fraterculus and 4% of A. pseudoparallela), forms a distinct group from other orchard sampled, where there were four species of Tephritidae.

Este estudo visa a caracterização química e a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos obtidos a partir de rejeitos resultantes do beneficiamento de madeiras nobres comercializadas no Paraná: Peroba-Rosa (Aspidosperma sp.), Roxinho (Peltogyne sp.), Jatobá (Hymenaea sp.), Curupixá (Micropholis sp.), Itaúba (Mezilaurus sp.), Cedrilho (Erisma sp.) e Imbúia-do-Norte (Licaria sp.), cujas identificações botânicas basearam-se em estudos anatômicos. Os extratos foram preparados com diversos solventes, analisados por CCD e espectrometria UV/VIS, testando-se contra: Proteus mirabilis ATCC15290, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13883, Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC27853, e Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans e Bacillus cereus isolados da clínica. O extrato etanólico de Peroba-Rosa, contendo alcalóides, apresentou atividade contra P. mirabilis. Os extratos metanólicos do Jatobá, Itaúba e Imbúia, contendo fenóis, e o extrato de Roxinho obtido com acetato de etila contendo fenóis e terpenóides, foram ativos contra K. pneumoniae, M. luteus, E. coli, S. aureus e P. mirabilis. Nenhum dos extratos foi ativo contra P. aeroginosa, S. mutans e E. aerogenes.

This study aimed chemical characterization and microbiological evaluation of extracts obtained from the waste of woods marketed in Paraná State: Peroba-Rosa (Aspidosperma sp.), Roxinho (Peltogyne sp.), Jatobá(Hymenaea sp.), Curupixá (Micropholis sp.), Itaúba (Mezilaurus sp.), Cedrilho (Erisma sp.) and Imbúia (Licaria sp.), whose botanical identifications were based on anatomical studies. The extracts were prepared with different solvents, analyzed by TLC and UV/VIS techniques, and tested against: Proteus mirabilis ATCC15290, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC13048, Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13883, Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC27853, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Bacillus cereus isolated from the clinic. The ethanol extract from Peroba-rosa containing alkaloids showed activity against P. mirabilis. Itaúba, Jatobá and Imbúia methanol extracts containing phenolics, and the Roxinho ethyl acetate extract containing terpenoids and phenolics were active against K. pneumoniae, M. luteus, E. coli, S. aureus and P. mirabilis. P. aeroginosa, S. mutans and E. aerogenes were resistant to the extracts.